Diagnosis and Treatment of Atrial Myxoma
The key of diagnosis of atrial myxoma is a careful history and physical examination aided by a high index of suspicion. The usual patient is a young,or middle aged female, who complains of shortness of breath, fatigue and weight loss, at times accompanied by fever, dizziness or even syncope,which may follow changes in posture. Atrial myxoma may release emboli(20-45% of patients) due to thrombus on the surface of the tumor that may dislodge,or pieces of tumor itself that may break loose and enter the systemic circulation. These embolic episodes may mimic systemic vasculities or infective endocarditis. Evidence of peripheral emboli of unexplained origin may be one of the first clues that alert the clinician to the diagnosis. Occasionally, the diagnosis is first suggested by the pathologist’s report of a myxomatous embolus removed at surgical embolectomy. On cardiac auscultation, a diastolic rumble at the apex or a systolic regurgitant murmur may suggest rheumatic mitral valvular disease. Read more about diagnosis of heart tumors and High Blood Pressure Diagnosis here.
Surgical removal of the tumor is usually curative, eliminating symptoms and signs promptly and effectively. Careful attention should be directed to screening (filtering) tumor fragments from the blood to prevent systemic embolism. Although recurrence may occur (5%), long term follow-up after surgery reveals that most patients remain well.
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